Himachal Pradesh covers 55,673 sq km (21,495 sq mi). In the 19th century, much was it was under Punjab. It became a union territory in 1950 and in 1971 was made the 18th state of India. The capital and largest city is Shimla.
The state of Himachal Pradesh is one of the wealthiest in India. Its economy is based on selling hydroelectric power to neighbouring states as well as tourism and agriculture. The state is mountainous with forests ranging from tropical and subtropical forests to Himalayan alpine shrubs and meadows.