Dushanbe (Tajik: Душанбе) is the capital and largest city in Tajikistan. It covers 124.6 sq km (48.1 sq mi) and has a population of 679,000 people (2012 estimate).
Dushanbe was known as Dyushambe until 1929, when it was renamed Stalinabad (Сталинабад) until 1961, when it took on its present name. It is located at the confluence of the Varzob river and Kofarnihon river, in an area where human habitation has been traced back to the 5th century BC.
The name Dushanbe means "Monday". This is because it is the site of a Monday market. A mere village at the turn of the 20th century, it was upgraded to town status in 1925, and made the capital of the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Under Soviet rule, Dushanbe rapidly grew and modernized.
The fall of the Soviet Union brought a period of instability, with the Civil War in Tajikistan raging from n1992 to 1997, during which the city was badly damaged. Today it is on the path to recovery.