According to Kuala Lumpur Street Names, Jalan Raja Mahmud was named after Raja Mahmud bin Almarhum Sultan Muhammad, the son of Sultan Muhammad with his principal wife Tengku Puan Basik. He was Raja Muda, or crown prince, when his father passed away in 1857. As he was too young to ascend the throne, his uncle Abdul Samad, ascended the throne as Sultan Abdul Samad. As would be expected, there as resentment over such a decision, and Raja Mahmud left for Johor, returning with his followers in 1883.
Following the Selangor Civil War, his older brother Raja Laut, son by his father's secondary wife, was appointed Penghulu of Kuala Lumpur. When Raja Laut became Raja Muda, Raja Mahmud was appointed to that position. He had his house inn the Malay Agricultural Settlement, and many of those who had their home there had roads after them, including Raja Mahmud.